The Southern Regional Education Board used focus groups and surveys of teachers and principals engaged in one of its projects, High Schools That Work, to produce a list of 13 critical success factors associated with high-performing principals (Bottoms & O'Neill, 2001). Division A of the American Educational Research Association (AERA) distributed a task force brief listing five findings from a review of research about what effective principals do (Lcithwood & Riehl, 2003).