This discursive framework is postcolonial in its attempt to ameliorate the effects of the colonial dispossession and recuperate the Aborigine from the inferiorisation of the colonial period. In the framework, the cause of contemporary educational failure is the ethnocentric insistence on Anglo-centric curriculum and literate culture pedagogy, and exclusion of alternative histories and oral learning styles. The attempt to recover Aboriginal culture and empower Aborigines is progressive in its intent to restore Aboriginal confidence and ability to engage successfully with the wider society, and thus to provide equal opportunity for educational success and social inclusion (e.g. Derkley, 2010). These conceptualisations of culture, identity and relationship, logic of cause and engine of recovery have been at the core of the policy framework since the 1970s, and, though contested, remain powerful into the present.