Complete mitochondrial genomes for the remaining
three of the five main D-loop haplotypes (c1, d2 and e1) were
thus determined here by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-
based technique (Mabuchi et al. 2006) using three specimens
collected at Lake Kasumigaura, Japan on 29 May 2006 (DDBJ
accession nos. AP017364, AP017365 and AP017363, respectively).
Phylogenetic positions of these five mitogenomes
among the other previously published ones of common carp
were analyzed using the neighbour-joining method (Saitou &
Nei 1987). The resultant tree (Figure 1) indicated multiple origins
of the introduced strains in Japan.