The estimated mean of the random effect (or random mean) for the moderate smoker class indicates that, for communities at the average random mean for both heavy smoking and moderate smoking, the average probability that a student would be classified as a moderate smoker is .26. The variance of this random mean describes the variation in the probability that a student would be classified as a moderate smoker across communities. This variance is also statistically significant, V.U0j / D :23, SE D :05. Holding the probability of membership in the heavy smoker class constant, the probability that a female is a moderate smoker in a community that is 1 SD below the mean of the random mean is .17 and 1 SD above the mean of the random mean is .38. The MOR is 1.57. This is a small odds ratio, and indicates that there is some variability across communities in the probability of being a moderate smoker,
but considerable less than for heavy smoking.