A statistical thermodynamic theory for heat transfer is for the
first time proposed with diverse supporting data. The heat transfer
theory is generally applicable to the heat transfer mechanisms of
both internal heat convection and external heat conduction. The
theory is identified as the integration of conduction and internal
convection heat transfer, a generalization beyond quasi-equilibrium
theories for isothermal and isentropic processes, and the unification
of internal equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics. It thus leads to a new paradigm to study the non-equilibrium, quasiequilibrium,
and equilibrium thermal processes of heat transfer.
The heat transfer theory is specifically applicable to the thermal
non-equilibrium processes of boiling, condensation, melting, and
solidification [3,4].
This promising heat transfer theory will have diverse applications
in science and engineering including boiling, refrigeration,
nuclear reactor, and chemical fuel cells. It will play an essential role
in enhancing the heat transfer of thermodynamic devices. The fundamental
principle of the theory may be used to develop internal
energy transfer theory