The interaction of short-term and long-term components is the focus of learning. Although virtually anyone can attend to a particular stimulus, learning is dependant on the transfer of relevant information to long-term memory and its retrieval when performance is required. Instructional designers are fundamentally concerned with the function of working memory. Regardless of the medium, relevant information must gain the attention of the learner, be held
in working memory, and ideally be in a form that is readily incorporated into long-term memory.