Hanna Zagefka (2010) asked people to read a fictitious news report about an island flooding disaster. One group of people read a report that implied that part of the reason for the flood was that the island’s dams were not built effectively. A second group read a report that implied that the flood occurred because the storm was unusually strong, and didn’t mention the dams being built incorrectly. Participants in the first group were less willing to donate money than those in the second group. Similar results were found in another study about giving money to people affected by the 2004 tsunami versus the civil war in Darfur. If the researchers emphasized that the Darfur war was caused by ethnic conflict, then participants were less willing to donate because they saw it as caused by humans. Zagefka performed additional research and always found the same result. If people thought the disaster was man-made, and that people could have done something differently, then participants were more willing to blame the people for the disaster.