Why did TPI Group collapse after the crisis? Why could it not effectively supervise increasing external debt? Table 22 illustrates the case of TPI and its affiliated companies by focusing on their ownership structure (pyramid structure) and management structure. At a glance, we find that the three brothers—Prachai, Prathip and Pramuwan— exclusively controlled all affiliated companies as chairmen, vice-chairmen, directors- cum-executives, CEOs and presidents. The Board members of almost all of the companies under TPI’s control overlapped with Executive Committee members of each company.