An electrical ballast is a device intended to limit the amount of current in an electric circuit. A familiar and widely used example is the inductive ballast used in alternating current fluorescent lamps, to limit the current through the tube, which would otherwise rise to destructive levels due to the negative differential resistance artifact in the tube's voltage-current characteristic.
Ballasts vary in design complexity. They can be as simple as a series resistor or inductor, capacitors, or a combination thereof or as complex as electronic ballasts used with fluorescent lamps and high-intensity discharge lamps.