The project has transitioned from a narrow focus of completing it within time, cost, and scope to ex- panding the focus by including stakeholder requirements (Jugdev and Müller 2005).
Rad and Anantatmula (2010) presented a methodology for measuring project success with three different sets of attributes: the client view is focused on the deliverables (as measured by scope, quality, and client satisfaction); the team view is focused on the means by which the deliverables are created; and the enter- prise perspective is focused on financial and commercial aspects. Likewise, Cooke-Davies (2002) identifies three levels of project success: project management success (ability to meet schedule and budget), project delivery success (customer satisfaction), and repeatable project delivery success. Of the three, the repeatable project delivery success is the most meaningful goal for long-term
organizational success and it supersedes the other two. If an organi- zation can deliver successful projects repeatedly, it must be meeting the objectives of the first two definitions as well.
Kloppenberg et al. (2006) echo earlier researchers and consider four dimensions of project success: “project efficiency, impact on the customer, business success, and future potential” (Kloppenberg et al. 2006, p. 17). Belassi and Tukel (1996) classified success factors into four groups: project-related factors, factors related to project managers and team members, organizational factors, and factors related to the external environment.
In a review of the evolution of the term project success over the past four decades, Jugdev and Muller (2005) propose that success can and should also be defined in terms of contribution to an or- ganization’s strategic goals. Typically, when organizations consider projects as contributing to organizational success it is strictly from a financial perspective—what the project brings to the bottom line. Jugdev and Muller (2005) argue that project success should also be considered in terms of contribution to the organization’s stra- tegic goals.
For this research effort, a project performance factor is defined as the one that contributes to enhancing project performance. The current research effort is focused on the performance factors and their interrelations.