Hypoglycemia at Birth. One of the most common metabolic disorders of the neonate of a GDM mother is hypoglycemia. It occurs due to the hyperinsulinemia of the fetus in response to the maternal hyperglycemia in utero. Hypoglycemia can lead to more serious complications like severe central nervous system and cardiopulmonary disturbances. Major long-term sequelae include neurologic
damage resulting in mental retardation, recurrent seizure activity, developmental delay and personality disorders.