The chapter begins with a review of international air transport traffic rights, with a particular
emphasis on 7th freedom rights. It then looks at old and new approaches to negotiating air
transport rights. The economic model by which the benefits and costs of policy options can be
assessed is outlines, and the granting of 7th freedom rights is evaluated using this framework. The
key points which emerge from this are illustrated by application to the Trans Pacific USAustralia
market. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.