The ensembles designed in St. Petersburg and the surrounding area by Rastrelli, Vallin de la Mothe, Cameron, Rinaldi, Zakharov, Voronikhine, Rossi, Montferrand, and others, exerted great influence in the 18th and 19th centuries on the development of architecture and monumental arts in Russia and Finland. The normative value of the capital was increased from the beginning by the establishment of the Academy of Sciences, followed by that of the Academy of Fine Arts. The urban model of St. Petersburg, made explicit by future work completed under Catherine II, Alexander I and Nicholas I, was used during the reconstruction of Moscow following the fire of 1812, and as new cities, such as Odessa or Sebastopol, spread in the southern part of the Empire.