Back calculated age-at-hatching estimates enabled hatching pulses to be identified by age, rather than documenting the
frequency of mature animals by season alone. Identified across years,the six-monthly hatchling pulses occurred at periods of equivalent temperatures, during the austral spring, winter and summer.Noting, the average warmest and coolest months each year, for the study area, occur during early autumn and early spring,respectively. Semi-annual spawning peaks during transitional temperatures have also been observed in O. Vulgaris. For example: (i) in the eastern Mediterranean, Katsanavakis and Verriopoulos (2006)observed continual spawning with peaks during winter/spring and summer/autumn and (ii) on the north-west coast of Africa,Hatanaka (1979) also witnessed year round spawning, with peaks in mature females during autumn and spring.Continual spawning throughout the year ensures