It is argued that the dividend variable is likely to be
negatively correlated with cash holdings, since a firm can
cut its dividend when cash is needed. On the other hand,
Grossman and Hart (1980), Easterbrook (1984), and
Jensen (1986) argued that dividends may help reduce the
agency problem by reducing the amount of cash
executives have at their disposal. As proxy for dividend,
we take 1 if dividend is paid, otherwise 0.