Thailand has benefited from steady economic growth and government commitment to human development to achieve the MDGs early. The equitable access to MCH services is a result of wide geographic coverage of well-functioning primary health care, especially at the district and sub-district levels. The adoption of the principle of universality is a major contributor to the achievement of the health-related MDGs. Accurate measurement of low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding requires methodological improvements in the survey. Investment in the health sector and in extending coverage of reproductive and child health services, while crucial, are not sufficient on their own. Effective policy interventions addressing the social determinants of ill-health, such as poverty, gender inequity, teenage and unplanned pregnancies, unmet need for contraceptive services among unmarried adolescents and young people, and other social inequity, are equally important.