This section describes spiritual intelligence based on the Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS) designed by (Amram & Dryer, 2007). The ISIS was developed to evaluate the spiritual competence of people. It was used in this study as it was shown to have high validity and reliability. This self-report instrument provides an overall measure of spiritual intelligence, as well as scores for seven broad domains and 22 specific capabilities. For the ISIS, the participants were asked to indicate the frequency of behaviors over the past six to 12 months, using a six-point Likert scale: rarely or almost never; very infrequently; somewhat infrequently, somewhat often; very frequently; and always or almost always. The scale has a Cronbach alpha of .088.