Biodiesel is a renewable and sustainable biofuel. There are various production processes to producebiodiesel from different kinds of raw materials. In this study, the environmental impacts of biodieselproduction from non-edible Jatropha oil and waste cooking oil (WCO) were investigated and comparedusing systematic life cycle assessment. The results show that crops growing and cultivation of non-edibleJatropha curcas lead to higher environmental impacts compared to WCO process. However, biodieselproduction process from Jatropha oil has better performance because the WCO process needs to consumevariety of chemicals and requires a large amount of energy for the pretreatment of raw WCO and furtherchemical conversion to biodiesel. Results also indicate that the collection mechanism of WCO has significantcontributions towards environmental impacts. In general, biodiesel production from Jatropha oilshows higher impacts for damage categories of climate change, human health and ecosystem qualitywhereas biodiesel production from WCO has more severe environmental impacts for resource category.The total environmental impact is 74% less in case of usingWCO as raw material compared to non-edible Jatropha oil.