In the United States, public health nursing as a specialty in the nursing profession is currently defined by the Public Health Nursing Section of the American Public Health Association as "the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health science" [1]. The discipline of public health nursing officially emerged in the late 1800s in New York. Lillian D. Wald, a visiting district nurse who became a leader in public health nursing, was credited with first using this term to describe the expanding roles of the district nurse. She co-founded the National Organization for Public Health Nursing (NOPHN), the first national organization of its kind, in 1912 to set standards for public health nursing service and education. In 1952, NOPHN merged with the National League for Nursing (NLN) [2]. Today the American Nurses Credentialing Center offers certification exams for Community Health/Public Health nurses at the advanced practice level (Clinical Specialist in Community Health Nursing) and at the Baccalaureate level (Community Health Nurse) [3]. The Health Resources and Services Administration described the education and practice of community and public health nurses: in March 2004,14.9% (n = 360,798) of RNs employed in nursing worked in public/community health settings, including state and local health departments, visiting nursing services and other health agencies, community health centers, student health services, occupational services and school health [4]. Thus, community/public health nursing has developed from the early days of visiting homes to roles with community populations locally, nationally, and worldwide, with a continuing concern for disease prevention and heath promotion.
This study of the public health nursing literature is part of the Nursing and Allied Health Resources section of the Medical Library Association's project to map the literature of nursing [5], patterned after the effort to map the literature of allied health [6]. The details of the study's methodology and inferences based on data supplied from this study appear in the overview article published in the April 2006 issue of the Journal of the Medical Library Association [7]. No similar studies of the public health nursing literature appear to have been published. The public health nursing literature was briefly characterized in a paper by Ada M. Carr on the development of public health nursing literature in 1926; this paper was reprinted in 1988 in Public Health Nursing [8].
Based on the premise that the journal literature is a primary vehicle for communication between nursing research and practice, the purpose of this study was to identify the journals most cited in public health and community nursing and to determine which databases provide the most thorough indexing access to these journals. A secondary purpose is to determine the relative frequency of cited format types and publication years. Since this mapping study relies on citations as reported by authors, it may be affected by error, but the extent has not been quantified for public health nursing journals. A study of the number and types of errors in references in four pediatric nursing journals showed that of the 190 references examined, 79 of them contained an error, for an overall error rate of 41.6% [9].
In the United States, public health nursing as a specialty in the nursing profession is currently defined by the Public Health Nursing Section of the American Public Health Association as "the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health science" [1]. The discipline of public health nursing officially emerged in the late 1800s in New York. Lillian D. Wald, a visiting district nurse who became a leader in public health nursing, was credited with first using this term to describe the expanding roles of the district nurse. She co-founded the National Organization for Public Health Nursing (NOPHN), the first national organization of its kind, in 1912 to set standards for public health nursing service and education. In 1952, NOPHN merged with the National League for Nursing (NLN) [2]. Today the American Nurses Credentialing Center offers certification exams for Community Health/Public Health nurses at the advanced practice level (Clinical Specialist in Community Health Nursing) and at the Baccalaureate level (Community Health Nurse) [3]. The Health Resources and Services Administration described the education and practice of community and public health nurses: in March 2004,14.9% (n = 360,798) of RNs employed in nursing worked in public/community health settings, including state and local health departments, visiting nursing services and other health agencies, community health centers, student health services, occupational services and school health [4]. Thus, community/public health nursing has developed from the early days of visiting homes to roles with community populations locally, nationally, and worldwide, with a continuing concern for disease prevention and heath promotion.
This study of the public health nursing literature is part of the Nursing and Allied Health Resources section of the Medical Library Association's project to map the literature of nursing [5], patterned after the effort to map the literature of allied health [6]. The details of the study's methodology and inferences based on data supplied from this study appear in the overview article published in the April 2006 issue of the Journal of the Medical Library Association [7]. No similar studies of the public health nursing literature appear to have been published. The public health nursing literature was briefly characterized in a paper by Ada M. Carr on the development of public health nursing literature in 1926; this paper was reprinted in 1988 in Public Health Nursing [8].
Based on the premise that the journal literature is a primary vehicle for communication between nursing research and practice, the purpose of this study was to identify the journals most cited in public health and community nursing and to determine which databases provide the most thorough indexing access to these journals. A secondary purpose is to determine the relative frequency of cited format types and publication years. Since this mapping study relies on citations as reported by authors, it may be affected by error, but the extent has not been quantified for public health nursing journals. A study of the number and types of errors in references in four pediatric nursing journals showed that of the 190 references examined, 79 of them contained an error, for an overall error rate of 41.6% [9].
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