In addition, the
same study demonstrated that both diets alone and in combination all increased the levels of Lactobacillus spp. found in the
gut and that the synbiotic and probiotic treatments had similar effects. It is, therefore, unlikely in the current study that
lactulose within the synbiotic diet decreased the growth of L. plantarum or Lactobacillus spp., which may have explained
why the synbiotic treatment was associated with lower serum antibody concentrations compared to the probiotic diet.