2.2. Sample preparation and inoculation
Pasteurized apple juicewas purchased at a local supermarket (Seoul,
Korea) and stored at 4 °C. One hundredmilliliters of apple juicewas dis-
pensed into a 500 ml bottle and 0.1 ml of antifoam B emulsion (Sigma
Aldrich, Ireland Ltd.) was added to the apple juice to prevent excess
foaming. Apple juice was inoculated with 0.1 ml of the mixed culture
cocktail (E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes). The
final cell concentration was 105
–106
CFU/ml.