Effectiveness of phase 1 vaccine, combined or not with tetracycline, to control Coxiella
burnetii vaginal shedding at calving in cows was assessed through a 13 months study in 22
Q fever clinically affected commercial dairy herds. Four medical strategies implemented at
herd level but randomly assigned to cows (vaccination, vaccination and tetracycline,
tetracycline, nothing) were compared. There was no significant interaction effect between
vaccination and antibiotherapy. Tetracycline used once at drying off was associated with a
lower risk of being detected shedder at calving (OR = 0.40, CI 95% [0.21–0.75]), but had no
significant effect on the bacterial load shed. Vaccination did not significantly prevent
shedding but was significantly (OR = 0.15, CI 95% [0.03–0.85]) associated with lower
bacterial load shed. Thus, vaccination using a phase 1 vaccine and antibiotherapy using
tetracycline is associated with a decrease in shedding in dairy cows and could contribute to
reduce the bacterial load generated in the environment. To the best of our knowledge, this
is the first study providing useful information for evidenced-based and rational use of
medical strategy combining antibiotic and vaccination in infected dairy cattle herds.
Effectiveness of phase 1 vaccine, combined or not with tetracycline, to control Coxiellaburnetii vaginal shedding at calving in cows was assessed through a 13 months study in 22Q fever clinically affected commercial dairy herds. Four medical strategies implemented atherd level but randomly assigned to cows (vaccination, vaccination and tetracycline,tetracycline, nothing) were compared. There was no significant interaction effect betweenvaccination and antibiotherapy. Tetracycline used once at drying off was associated with alower risk of being detected shedder at calving (OR = 0.40, CI 95% [0.21–0.75]), but had nosignificant effect on the bacterial load shed. Vaccination did not significantly preventshedding but was significantly (OR = 0.15, CI 95% [0.03–0.85]) associated with lowerbacterial load shed. Thus, vaccination using a phase 1 vaccine and antibiotherapy usingtetracycline is associated with a decrease in shedding in dairy cows and could contribute toreduce the bacterial load generated in the environment. To the best of our knowledge, thisis the first study providing useful information for evidenced-based and rational use ofmedical strategy combining antibiotic and vaccination in infected dairy cattle herds.
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