The authors propose aframework for teacher preparation programs that aims to help prospectioe
teachers learn how to teach from studying teaching. The framework is motiaated by their interest
in defining a set of competencies that prouide a deliberate, systematic path to becoming an ffictiae
teacher oaer time. The framework is composed offour skills, rooted in the daily actiaity of teaching,
that when deployedeliberately and systematically, constitute a process of teating and testing
hypotheses about cause-effect relationships between teaching and learning during classroom
lessons. In spite of the challenges of acquiring these skills, the authors argue that the framework
outlines a more realistic and more promising set of beginning teacher competencies than those of
traditional programs designed to produce graduates with expert teaching strategies