In other cases,
chemicals used in the dyeing process have been significantly
reduced by operation with the assistance from extra equipment
or apparatus, which often incurs other problems, for example,
an ultrafast dyeing process with the usage of an injection
syringe to distribute dye solution onto a TiO2 surface, of which
the injection syringe is stationary with a fixed-point on the TiO2
electrode.25,26,29 In this improved dyeing process, the dye
solution needs to diffuse through the whole surface area of the
nanoporous TiO2 structure