SECONDARY OUTCOMES Secondary outcomes included preeclampsia and other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Mild pre- eclampsia was defined as mild pregnancy-associ ated hypertension with documentation of protei- nuria within 72 hours before or after an elevated blood-pressure m Proteinuria was de- fined as total protein excretion of 300 mg or more in a 24-hour urine sample or 2+ or higher on dip- stick testing, or a protein-to-creatinine ratio of 0.35 or more if a 24-hour urine sample was not available. After the rupture of membranes, only catheterized urine samples were considered in the diagnostic criteria. Severe preeclampsia was de- fined as preeclampsia with either severe pregnancy- associated hypertension or protein excretion of 5 g or more in a 24-hour urine sample or as mild hypertension with oliguria pregnancy-associated K500 ml in a 24-hour urine sample), pulmonary edema (confirmed by radiography), or thrombo- cytopenia (platelet count of 400,000 per cubic millimeter. The HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, ele- vated liver enzyme levels, and a low platelet count) was considered to be present if pregnancy-asso- occurred with all of the fol- ciated hypertension lowing: a platelet count of less than 100,000 per aminotransferase cubic millimeter, an aspartate level of 100 U per liter or more, and evidence of hemolysis (either a lactate dehydrogenase level 2600 U per liter or a total bilirubin level 21.2 mg per deciliter, or a peripheral-blood smear show- ing nucleated red cells, schistocytes, or an elevat- ed reticulocyte count).