Have authorities pursued Jemaah Islamiyah?
Authorities in the region have arrested more than 300 JI operatives since the 2002 Bali bombing though many have since been released. Before the 2002 Bali bombing, Indonesian authorities had not aggressively investigated the group, though Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines had cracked down on it. Anti-terror authorities struck a blow against JI when they arrested its operational chief, Nurjaman Riduan Ismuddin, also known as Hambali, in Thailand August 2003. In June 2007, authorities in Jakarta arrested JI's leader, Abu Dujana, and seven other group members. Three out of four main suspects behind the 2002 attack were executed in Indonesia in 2008.
Has Jemaah Islamiyah targeted Americans or American interests?
Yes. State Department Spokesman Richard Boucher said in January 2003 that "information indicates that Hambali was involved in a 1995 plot to bomb eleven U.S. commercial airliners in Asia and directed the late-2001 foiled plot to attack U.S. and Western interests in Singapore," referring to Jemaah Islamiyah's plans to attack the U.S., British, and Israeli embassies in December 2001. In the 2005 Bali attacks, six Americans were reportedly injured, and seven Americans were killed.