Consumer acceptance testing
Two-hundred and four consumers (age 18–65 years) were recruited from Chiang Mai province, Thailand to participate in this study. Recruitment criteria included: (i) no allergy toward peanuts, (ii) consuming peanuts and/or peanut products, and (iii) availability. Prior to taste testing, all consumers were given a 5-min orientation about the procedure, the sensory ballot and attributes to be evaluated, and a 9-points hedonic scale. Subsequently, they evaluated acceptance of three oil roasted peanuts for overall liking, overall flavour and saltiness using a 9-point hedonic scale (1 = extremely dislike, 5 = neither like nor dislike, and 9 = extremely like) (Peryam & Pilgrim, 1957). All samples were coded with three-digit numbers to avoid biases. The order in which the samples were presented was balanced and randomised (Jirangrat et al., 2014). All product evaluation was carried out in the sensory analysis laboratory with controlled temperature (23–25 °C). Between samples, consumers cleansed their mouth and palate with distilled water and unsalted crackers.