2.2.2. Work stress
Employee’s work stress was measured using Cavanaugh et al.
(2000) six-item scales of challenge-related stress and fiveitem
scales of hindrance-related stress. Challenge-related stress
items include “Many projects and assignments” “Experience time
pressures on the job” “Spend long time at work” “Heavy responsibility
at work” “A lot of work much be accomplished in the
allotted time” and “Position entails a lot of responsibility.” On
the other hand, hindrance-related stress items were “Don’t clearly
understand what is expected on the job” “Experience low levels of
job security” “Different supervisors have different requirements”
“Organizational politic” and “Performance goals keep changing.”