published an extensive
bioinformatics-based effector protein screen in P. graminis
f.sp. tritici (wheat stem rust) and Melampsora larici-populina,
(poplar rust) and listed eight universal features of known fungal
effector proteins. Some of these were features of genome
organization, as this was a genomics-based screen, and these
are not applicable to proteomics data analysis. Aside from
the signal sequence most effector proteins are thought to be
shorter than 300 residues in length and rich in cysteine