Poland[edit]
There was an old pagan custom of suspending at the ceiling a branch of fir, spruce or pine called Podłaźniczka associated with Koliada. The branches were decorated with apples, nuts, cookies, colored paper, stars made of straw, ribbons and colored wafers. People believed in the tree magical powers linked with harvesting and success in the next year.
Podłaźniczka
In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, these traditions were almost completely replaced by the German custom of decorating
จากPossible predecessors
18th to early 20th centuries[edit