The main objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using banana stalk (BS) as a precursor material to develop a suitable adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Results showed that the polyacrylamide grafted BS (PGBS) having COOH prepared from banana stalk, an agro-based waste biomass, can be used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals (Pb(II), Co(II), Hg(II) and Cd(II)) from their aqueous solutions. A pH range 5.5-8.0 was found to be effective for the maximum removal of metal ions. The carboxyl groups were the main reaction sites responsible for metal binding on PGBS-COOH. The equilibrium data fitted very well to a Langmuir isotherm equation, confirming the monolayer sorption capacity of metals onto PGBS-COOH. The adsorbed metal ions were desorbed quantitatively by 0.2 M HCl and the adsorbent can be reused successfully after regeneration. Batch adsorption-desorption studies illustrate that PGBS-COOH could be used to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions and industrial effluents.
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