NTRODUCTION
Pre-concentration is a process of rejecting mass of gangue while ensuring recovery of valuable mineral prior to more intensive, downstream processing. Pre-concentration has been practiced in industry for many years, and is gaining greater interest as the industry copes with processing lower grade, more difficult ores, typically requiring finer grind sizes and higher energy costs.
The benefits of pre-concentration are as follows Lower mining costs: allows non-selective mining; grinding, flotation, fines Lower process capital and operating costs: reduced disposal, etc. stages ore reserves: potential to treat lower grade ore; Increased mine production without expansion of the existing plant or concentrator: eject can be a by-product, e.g., underground backfill or aggregate, and reduces overall tailings impoundment Improved efficiency of downstream processes, e.g., silica removal in electric a furnace feed, removal of softer sliming minerals prior to grinding; Can be applied to brownfield operations and greenfield projects; A "green' process option: Reduced processing energy consumption Reduced mill feed Increased stage metal recovery (higher grade feed) Increased mill metal output Plant has a small footprint and can be installed underground, reducing surface plant, tailings dump and tailings pond requirements Can be applied to retreatment of old tailings dumps to recover metal values and reduce environmental impacts (e.g., dissolved metal runoff, acid drainage, Pre-concentration generally involves physical separation, where gravity separation and ore sorting processes have been the most effective. Dense medium separation (DMS), synonymous with heavy medium separation (HMS), a form of gravity concentration technology involving float-sink separation historically has been used predominantly in the coal and diamond processing industries. Many other industries have used DMS, which include iron ore, complex sulphides, base metal oxides, precious metals, and various industrial mineral industries such as fluorspar, lithium, garnet, and other gemstones. Other technologies considered for pre-concentration have mainly included optical ore sorters and as several advantages over these technologies, which include: jigs. DMs High separation efficiency at coarse particles sizes up to 300 mm; Separations achievable to 0.2 SG density differential between two minerals, e.g sylvite (1.99 SG) and halite (2.17 SG) in the potash industry; Simple process control (i.e., medium density control), and Simple machinery (e.g., screens, pumps, cyclone or bath).
NTRODUCTION ความเข้มข้นก่อนเป็นกระบวนการปฏิเสธมวลของ gangue รับประกันการกู้คืนของแร่ที่มีคุณค่าเข้มข้นมากขึ้น การประมวลผลปลายน้ำก่อน ความเข้มข้นก่อนมีประสบการณ์ในอุตสาหกรรมเป็นเวลาหลายปี และกำลังได้รับความสนใจมากเป็นอุตสาหกรรม copes กับเกรดล่าง แร่ยาก ต้องบดละเอียดขนาดและค่าใช้จ่ายพลังงานสูงโดยทั่วไปการประมวลผล The benefits of pre-concentration are as follows Lower mining costs: allows non-selective mining; grinding, flotation, fines Lower process capital and operating costs: reduced disposal, etc. stages ore reserves: potential to treat lower grade ore; Increased mine production without expansion of the existing plant or concentrator: eject can be a by-product, e.g., underground backfill or aggregate, and reduces overall tailings impoundment Improved efficiency of downstream processes, e.g., silica removal in electric a furnace feed, removal of softer sliming minerals prior to grinding; Can be applied to brownfield operations and greenfield projects; A "green' process option: Reduced processing energy consumption Reduced mill feed Increased stage metal recovery (higher grade feed) Increased mill metal output Plant has a small footprint and can be installed underground, reducing surface plant, tailings dump and tailings pond requirements Can be applied to retreatment of old tailings dumps to recover metal values and reduce environmental impacts (e.g., dissolved metal runoff, acid drainage, Pre-concentration generally involves physical separation, where gravity separation and ore sorting processes have been the most effective. Dense medium separation (DMS), synonymous with heavy medium separation (HMS), a form of gravity concentration technology involving float-sink separation historically has been used predominantly in the coal and diamond processing industries. Many other industries have used DMS, which include iron ore, complex sulphides, base metal oxides, precious metals, and various industrial mineral industries such as fluorspar, lithium, garnet, and other gemstones. Other technologies considered for pre-concentration have mainly included optical ore sorters and as several advantages over these technologies, which include: jigs. DMs High separation efficiency at coarse particles sizes up to 300 mm; Separations achievable to 0.2 SG density differential between two minerals, e.g sylvite (1.99 SG) and halite (2.17 SG) in the potash industry; Simple process control (i.e., medium density control), and Simple machinery (e.g., screens, pumps, cyclone or bath).
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