where:
Ai denotes the possible alternatives, i ¼ 1, ..., m;
Xj represents attributes or criteria relating to alternative performance, j ¼ 1, ..., n;
and
Xij is a crisp value indicating the performance rating of each alternative Ai with
respect to each criterion Xj.
Step 2. Normalizing the decision matrix. With normalizing the decision making matrix,
a matrix without scale will be made. The normalization of the decision matrix is done
using the following transformation: