1. Previous poor or abusive relationships between dependant and care-provider
2. Unstable history of the care-provider, including drug or alcohol abuse, or past or present psychiatric disorder
3. The care-provider having to make major changes to his or her life to maintain the caring role, which may nave necessitated giving up job and social contacts which, in turn, gives rise to feelings of resentment
4. Poor living conditions and financial hardship
5. Poor support from within the family or from outade agencies
6. The level of dependency of the older adult: individual: with diseases or disabilities that affect them from moment to moment, such as dementia or Parkinson’s disease, can be misconstrued as ‘playing up’; also, individuals whose behaviour is problematic, e.g. incontinence or difficulty with or reluctance to eat.