The survey data collected from Shanghai did not result in
a rejection of the proposed hypotheses that the perceived
importance of hazard response strategies is positively
related to the previous experience of extreme weather,
meteorological risk awareness and public risk awareness.
Furthermore, it is important to note that public risk awareness
had a greater impact than the other two factors. This
suggests that awareness of other forms of public risks
confronting the international society, which are not
directly related to natural hazards, more strongly influences
the propensity to take protective actions against
extreme weather (Rossi et al. 1983; Douglas 1992;
Douglas and Wildavsky 1982). The analytical importance
of the wider context in which risk issues are situated
clearly warrants further attention.
These findings can be explained by the core idea of the
cultural theory of risk. According to this theory, riskrelated
decisions are a response to the larger cultural and
political process by which the risk issues are produced
and reproduced (Douglas and Wildavsky 1982;
Wildavsky 1987). Concern over non-meteorological
public risk issues, such as energy security, HIV and terrorism,
emanates from a generic concern over the security of
society at large, or what Thompson and Rayner (1998) call
the ‘wider problem’. The generic concern forms the
context in which the public envisage the risk of hazard
impacts (Douglas 1992; Beck 1992). Shanghai residents
are more likely to prepare themselves for climatic contingencies
to the extent to which they are concerned about
The survey data collected from Shanghai did not result in
a rejection of the proposed hypotheses that the perceived
importance of hazard response strategies is positively
related to the previous experience of extreme weather,
meteorological risk awareness and public risk awareness.
Furthermore, it is important to note that public risk awareness
had a greater impact than the other two factors. This
suggests that awareness of other forms of public risks
confronting the international society, which are not
directly related to natural hazards, more strongly influences
the propensity to take protective actions against
extreme weather (Rossi et al. 1983; Douglas 1992;
Douglas and Wildavsky 1982). The analytical importance
of the wider context in which risk issues are situated
clearly warrants further attention.
These findings can be explained by the core idea of the
cultural theory of risk. According to this theory, riskrelated
decisions are a response to the larger cultural and
political process by which the risk issues are produced
and reproduced (Douglas and Wildavsky 1982;
Wildavsky 1987). Concern over non-meteorological
public risk issues, such as energy security, HIV and terrorism,
emanates from a generic concern over the security of
society at large, or what Thompson and Rayner (1998) call
the ‘wider problem’. The generic concern forms the
context in which the public envisage the risk of hazard
impacts (Douglas 1992; Beck 1992). Shanghai residents
are more likely to prepare themselves for climatic contingencies
to the extent to which they are concerned about
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