Probiotics reshaped the gut microbiota composition and increased intestinal bacterial diversity. The lipid-lowering efficacy of may probiotics be attributed to the increase in the relative abundance of anti-obesity-related bacteria and a reduction in obesity-associated bacterial genera. In addition, the enrichment of key metabolites and their corresponding metabolic pathways after supplementation with probiotics may lower lipid levels in patients with fatty liver disease. The lipid-lowering effect of probiotics and provide a foundation for investigating the mechanism of lipid reduction in individuals with fatty liver disease.