referred to as total landed cost, is the sum of costs related to performance and administration of each of these areas of work Unfortunately, recent research suggests that few organizations have the ability to actually capture the information required to measure total cost. This occurs because different organizations may have different orientations toward which of the areas identified above actually constitute integrated logistics, or because of the lack of readily available data. Nevertheless, at senior management levels of responsibility this total cost should be monitored closely. It is also important to monitor cost data for each of the individual function so that appropriate diagnosis and control can take place. The functional cost data may be further fine-tuned and measured for individual activities such as order picking and order loading in the warehouse function.