For overhead transmission lines, an alternative technique is to use the fault-induced currents and
voltages to determine the fault location. This is akin to the fault calculation procedure using current
and voltage phasors during the fault. Once the fault impedance is determined, the location of the
fault can be ascertained from knowledge of the transmission line impedance per mile. This method
of fault location calculation does not require any special equipment, nor does it require a special
test procedure with the line de-energized. Also, if the fault is not permanent, the fault location can
still be determined from the fault current and voltage data, if these latter have been saved