Baits. Three commercial gel baits were used including Maxforce FC gel containing 0.01% fipronil, Maxforce gel containing 2.15% hydramethylnon, and Maxforce FC Select gel containing 0.01% fipronil, all manufactured by Bayer Environmental Science, Research Triangle Park, NC. Advion gel baits containing experimental bait bases A (Advion-A) and B (Advion-B) were supplied by DuPont Crop Protection, Wilmington, DE. Advion gel containing experimental bait base C (Advion-C) was made in the lab using technical indoxacarb. Indoxacarb were incorporated into each experimental bait base at 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% levels.