As the HWD and Landfill Directive exempt HHW co-disposed with residual MSW from classification as hazardous and from meeting waste acceptance criteria for disposal at non-hazardous waste landfills, there are economic and practical incentives to maintain, possibly even encourage, such disposal to landfills. However, the new Waste Strategy for England demonstrates that the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) means to consider measures to encourage separately collected HHW (Defra, 2007) and
there are increasing drives to separately collect HHW streams in the UK, partly because of individual waste stream legislation exem-plified by the WEEE Directive.