Sculpin numbers were assessed within the same twenty-four 1-m2
sites over the course of the season to minimize the total area of disturbance.
Sculpin numbers were assessed by surface counts and then by
digging among the rocks with the use of a steel pole. The gravel was
dug to a depth at which no more sculpins were uncovered (10–20 cm).
Counted sculpins were gently guided out of the grid. We did not
differentiate sculpins by species, but their length was assigned to one
of three predetermined categories (small, >50 to 75 to 100 mm total length (TL); the PVC quadrat had
eight 0- to 10-cm scales marked on it). Fewer than 5% of all sculpins
observed were