2 It was mentioned earlier that collective bargaining enables the workm to partially
participate in some management decisions. It might be thought that this participation by the unions differs from that of individual workers in the participation
experiments, but in both cases the ultimate power of decisionisregardcclasa management 'prerogative'; 6nally the management have the power oflock-out or complete
closure of the enterprise. C£ this comment ofRussell, 'the power of the industrialist
•.• rests, in the last analysis, upon the lock-out, that is to say, upon the fact that the
owner of a factory can call upon the forces of the state to prevent unauthorised
persons from entering it' (Russell, 1938, p. 124). The scope of the Glacier experiment is especially interesting because collective bargaining at present tends to cover
only lower level matters, and attempts to extend it are usually resisted by management as an illegitimate encroachment on their 'prerogatives'. This notion of'prerogatives' is usually derived from the ownenhip of private property (but for a clef'ence
of'prerogatives' which derives the notion from the 'nature of man' see O'Doanell
(1952)). Recently the whole idea of the existence of managerial'prerogatives' has
come under attack on theoretic:al grounds, and its alleged legal basis has also been
disputed. See Chamberlain (1958, ch. 12), and(1963); Y oung(1963); Chandler (I96f).
1S