IIHS evaluates a vehicle's crashworthiness with the help of five tests: moderate overlap front, small overlap front, side, roof strength and head restraints & seats. For front crash prevention ratings, the Institute conducts low- and moderate-speed track tests of vehicles with automatic braking systems. IIHS also conducts detailed evaluations of the child seat attachment hardware known as LATCH. The descriptions below explain how each test is conducted and how the results translate into ratings.