by OCBs.
This article is important for three reasons. First, it provides a cultural
explanation for motivating extra-role behavior, an argument that has been
limited in the extant literature. It extends research and continues to build
support for the importance of extra-role behavior as a form of employee
performance and productivity. Second, it provides an integrated model for
future refinement and empirical testing. Third, as an assessment and implementation
issue for managers, it suggests a framework for establishing
expectations of one form of employee performance. In an environment
where globalization and inter-country diversity exist for managers on a regular
basis, this could be a critical tool for setting realistic expectations, managing
corporate culture, and anticipating practices within workgroups.