Animal fats, namely lard (LD), chicken fat (CF), beef tallow (BF), and mutton tallow (MT), were prepared according to the method described by Rohman and Che Man (2009) with slight modification. The adipose tissues collected from various parts of the corresponding animals were rendered in the oven at 115 C for 2 h. The melted fat was strained with a triple-folded muslin cloth, dried by addition of anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and then centrifugedat 2306g for 10 min. The fat layer was decanted and filtered through Whatman filter paper. The filtered samples were used for further analysis. The VCO and animal fats were stored in darkness at 4 C and melted at 60 C prior to use.