In 2005, a 42-year-old Brazilian woman presented to an eye doctor with a visual impairment, and pappiledema. Upon neurological examination, she was diagnosed with communicating hydrocephalus. A ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was implanted and the hydrocephalus improved. Neuroendoscopic surgery showed multiple cysts in the subarachnoidal space, and histopathological examination indicated cestode-derived tissue. Serology for cysticercosis was strongly positive, but copro-multiplex PCR was negative for taeniasis. The patient was treated with praziquantel at first and then with albendazole. Post-treatment serology remained positive.