The education of students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities has
evolved substantially from initial and traditional beliefs. Originally, individuals
with intellectual disabilities were considered unable to learn and were systematically
assigned to institutions for care but not for learning (Blatt, 1981).
Families were advised to place their children with moderate or severe disabilities
into these congregate institutions shortly after birth to avoid any ill effect on
the family group and society (Ferguson, 2008; Singer & Irvin, 1991). However, as
early as the late 1960s and early 1970s, teachers in the field of special education
began questioning the institutionalization of individuals, especially children,
calling for a continuum of services offered to students from least to most restrictive
in placement (Reynolds, 1962; Taylor, 1982). In addition, family members
began questioning the practice of removing their children from the home to be
cared for by strangers with no effort made to teach skills
The education of students with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities hasevolved substantially from initial and traditional beliefs. Originally, individualswith intellectual disabilities were considered unable to learn and were systematicallyassigned to institutions for care but not for learning (Blatt, 1981).Families were advised to place their children with moderate or severe disabilitiesinto these congregate institutions shortly after birth to avoid any ill effect onthe family group and society (Ferguson, 2008; Singer & Irvin, 1991). However, asearly as the late 1960s and early 1970s, teachers in the field of special educationbegan questioning the institutionalization of individuals, especially children,calling for a continuum of services offered to students from least to most restrictivein placement (Reynolds, 1962; Taylor, 1982). In addition, family membersbegan questioning the practice of removing their children from the home to becared for by strangers with no effort made to teach skills
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