The Developmental Stage
In this stage, WCR Lessons, the reading tests, and questionnaire were created and tried out. First, WCR Lessons were designed in accordance with English III course outline. After that, the lessons were evaluated for content validity. Then they were piloted in the Three-Step Tryouts: Individual Testing, Small-group Testing, and Field-study Testing, respectively, on the basis of the 80/80 Standard proposed by Brahmawong (1978) to examine whether the lessons were efficient in terms of the process and product of learning. The 80/80 standard is symbolized as E1/E2, where E1 refers to the former 80 and E2 the latter 80. The former 80 represents the percentage of students’ learning process evaluated through their performance in doing exercises of each learning unit. The latter 80 refers to the percentage of students’ learning products evaluated through their performance in taking end-of-unit tests.