The management of hydrocephalus in a child is a demanding task for both the family and health professionals, and helping the family cope with the child’s difficulties is an important nursing responsibility. Children with hydrocephalus have lifelong special health care needs. The nurse can provide optimum primary health care, including advice on immunizations, treatments for common infectious conditions, or child care and school precautions. The overall aim is to establish realistic goals and an appropriate educational program that will assist the child in achieving the maximum potential. Families can be referred to community agencies for support and guidance. The National Hydrocephalus Foundation (NHF) and the Hydrocephalus Association provide information on the condition for families, and the NHF assists interested groups in establishing local organizations.