A major environmental threat that palm oil production faces is the destruction of rainforests (source for palm oil) in Indonesia and Malaysia (according to reports deforestation accounted for a minimum of 8 million hectares of forest land in Indonesia[7]). This deforestation has also resulted in serious threat to endangered species such as Borneo pygmy elephants, Sumatran elephants, Sumatran tigers, Sumatran rhinoceroses, and both species of orangutan which live in these forests. Also reported are human rights abuse in the form of using child labour and "debt bondage" in the plantations of Borneo and Sumatra.[6] According to a Greenpeace report palm oil production contributed deforestation of 25% of forest land in Indonesia during the period 2009 -2011, which has proved to be a serious threat to the habitat of the orangutan, the Sumatran elephant, and the Sumatran tiger which are for critically endangered species.[5][clarification needed]
In Kalimantan, deforestation for oil palm plantation development is said to endanger the living space of indigenous tribes and orangutans.[11][12]